| 英文摘要
| Rice blast disease is caused by the filamentous ascomycete Magnaporthe oryzae. This fungus produces asexual spores, which differentiate into appressoria enabling penetration rice cuticle for infection. Although tremendous amount of money has been used to study and manage this disease, tens of millions tons of rice loss still occur annually. Since the “gene-for-gene” theory proposed by Flor, resistance (R) gene mediated resistance has been considered to be one of the most economical, efficient and environment friendly strategies to prevent the disease. However, the resistance of newly introduced R gene is usually overcome within one or two years shortly after their release, which resulting from the high variability of avirulence (AVR) gene in blast population. In this study, we aim to first develop iiPCR method to quickly investigate the status of AvrPiz-t gene using diseased leaf samples from the fields. In combination of Pot2 fingerprinting analysis, we hope to differentiate physiological races among Taiwan blast population. To reveal the evolution of AvrPiz-t gene, we confirmed the Piz-t resistance gene among the commercial elite rice varieties and their distribution in Taiwan. In addition to AvrPiz-t gene, we also characterized the status and variability of AvrPib gene among blast population. We hope to provide useful information for disease forecasting and resistance breeding and deployment strategies. |
