| 英文摘要
| Selection history plays an important role in selective attention, along with top-down behavioral goal and bottom-up stimulus salience. Yet, whether selection history of target selection can capture attention when the previous target becomes task-irrelevant distractor is unclear. Sha and Jiang (2016) showed attentional capture effect driven by selection history, whereas Anderson and Halpern (2017) did not. This study adopts the training-testing methodology of Anderson, Laurent, and Yantis (2011a)’s study to investigate the influences of selection history on attention and the boundary condition for this capture effect. In the training phase, targets were defined by red or green circles and participants were required to judge the orientation of the bar inside it. In the testing phase, targets were defined by a unique shape. In the invalid condition, red or green served as distractor’s color whereas in the neutral condition they did not appear. To test the effectiveness of color when selecting, in Experiment 1, participants were required to search for the bars either horizontally or vertically oriented within colored circles. The bars contained in the distractors were all tilted. Although the targets always occurred in red or green circle, color did not capture attention in the test phase. In Experiment 2, all the bars contained in the stimulus were either horizontal or vertical. Participants were required to search for a red or green circle and determine the orientations of the bars contained in the circle. The results showed selection history-based attention capture in the condition. The method in Experiment 3 was similar with the titled bars inside of the distractor during the testing phase. Results showed history-based attentional capture. Experiment 4’s training phase was the same as Experiment 3 in which color had high effectiveness. In the testing phase, the orientation of the bars contained in the red or green circles were vertical or horizontal (object invalid condition), tilted (color invalid condition). In the neutral condition, the bars contained in circles of another color were vertical or horizontal. The findings showed selection-history attentional capture. Moreover, performance in the object-invalid condition comparable with that in the color-invalid condition. Taken together, the results suggest that color must be adopted in selecting a target during the training phase to produce selection-history attention capture in the test phase and the capture is color-based. When selection could be achieved by other features such as orientation, color could not produce history-based capture in the test phase. |
